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Robotic shotcrete application in tunnelling is faster, more precise, and safer than manual methods, ensuring consistent material coverage and reducing human exposure to hazards. While manual application is labour-intensive and prone to inconsistency, it can be useful in situations where robots struggle to operate. Overall, the robotic shotcrete method is preferred as it improves quality, efficiency, and safety. Don't miss out on our comprehensive Online Tunnel Engineering course, where you'll ma