Summative assessments gauge student achievement after the completion of learning activities. While many of these are common such as exams, projects and essays, there are a larger variety of ways to ...

Summative assessments evaluate learning at the end of a unit ... Using Exam Wrappers (Carnegie Mellon University) Projects are versatile tools for assessing student learning and often involve ...

Formative assessments are tools used during instruction to provide real-time feedback, helping both students and educators make immediate improvements. Unlike summative assessments, which evaluate ...

It is the use of the assessment that makes it formative. If evidence of student achievement is not used to adapt instruction or to give feedback to students to improve their learning, it is summative.

The authors propose a framework to integrate generative AI into formative and summative assessments across Bloom’s Taxonomy levels and Knowledge Dimensions in order to illustrate the versatility ...