The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

A committee-supported project or activity that has been completed and for which output dissemination has begun. Its committee has been disbanded and closeout procedures are underway. Elementary ...

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are private, nonprofit institutions that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and world. Our ...

An experiment deep underground hopes to explain the gallium anomaly. The gallium anomaly dates back 20 years to a confusing experimental finding. The answer could represent a fundamental shift, or it ...

Ten years ago, scientists announced the discovery of the Higgs boson, which helps explain why elementary particles (the smallest building blocks of nature) have mass. When you purchase through links ...

Every few years, scientists take a step back to take a broader look at their field and determine what questions are most pressing—and what tools they will need to answer those questions. This year the ...

Todd Pedlar has been a professor in the Physics Department since 2003. Some of his course topics include Classical Physics, Electricity and Magnetism, Quantum Mechanics, Nuclear and Particle Physics, ...

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: For nearly a century, the magnetic anomaly of the fundamental particle known as a muon has served as a means to test theories against experimental ...

This puzzle is known as the problem of time, and it remains one of the most persistent obstacles to a unified theory of ...