Implementation of polymeric vials for freeze-dried drug products has been practically non-existent because of unique moisture barrier and thermodynamic technical challenges. Hybrid vials, which ...

As electronic devices become increasingly miniaturized, heat management at the nanoscale emerges as a challenge, especially for devices operating in sub-microns. Traditional heat conduction models ...

Engine bay thermal management is a critical measure for the vehicle performance development process. The design process considered the heat dissipation inside the engine bay including the cooling ...

When room-temperature washers are placed in hot water, the temperature of the washers increases and the temperature of the water decreases. Energy from the water is transferred to the washers. When ...

Researchers in Algeria simulated perforated hexagonal-fin heat sinks to improve PV cooling performance using CFD analysis.